Looking Back at George Boole’s 200th Birthday Celebrations

Today 2nd November 2016 is the 201st Birthday of Professor George Boole, the first professor of mathematics at University College Cork, known the world over as the “father of the information age”. On this very day last year I had the opportunity to be on campus to witness some events celebrating his 200th birthday. As you can see from the photos below quite a sizable cake decorated with 0’s and 1’s was on display. A number of talks also took place on the day. One of the talks I attended was given by Professor Anant Agarwal from MIT (online) about working in the realm of Digital Systems. Also in the audience was Professor Donald Knuth (online), well known for the multi-volume book “The Art of Computer Programming”, he had given a talk / Q&A session just prior. Hopefully some of the images below will give a sense of what the campus was like this day last year for the 200th Birthday celebrations.

Some time ago I wrote a post going through all the dates on the calendar listing the Key People and Events in Computer Science (online). Another person whom was also born the very same year as George Boole was Ada Lovelace, well known for her work with Charles Babbage on the Analytical Engine and the creation of the first algorithm intended to work on a machine. Its probably safe to say that without the work undertaken by both of these people born in 1815 none of the digital world that has permeated the very fabric of our lives today would exist.

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List of Computer Science Departments in the UK

The following is a list of Computer Science Departments in the UK, its possible that one or two may be missing, links may also change from time to time, but hopefully the list below is fairly comprehensive. If you know of any other departmental website in the UK relating to computing that isn’t listed then please leave a comment.

I organise a series of research seminars on a regular basis, hence its useful to have a list of CS departments\schools readily at had when looking for prospective speakers. Hopefully you will find the list useful as well.

You may wish to note that a list of computer science departments also exists on (wikipedia) most of them being from America.

University of Aberdeen	(online)
Abertay University	(online)
Aberystwyth University	(online)
Anglia Ruskin University	(online)
Aston University	(online)
Bangor University	(online)
University of Bath	(online)
University of Bedfordshire	(online)
University of Birmingham	(online)
Birmingham City University	(online)
University of Bolton	(online)
Bournemouth University	(online)
University of Bradford	(online)
University of Brighton	(online)
University of Bristol	(online)
Brunel University	(online)
University of Buckingham	(online)
Buckinghamshire New University	(online)
University of Cambridge	(online)
Canterbury Christ Church University	(online)
Cardiff University	(online)
University of Central Lancashire	(online)
University of Chester	(online)
City University London	(online)
Coventry University	(online)
De Montfort University	(online)
University of Derby	(online)
University of Dundee	(online)
Durham University	(online)
University of East Anglia	(online)
University of East London	(online)
Edge Hill University	(online)
University of Edinburgh	(online)
Edinburgh Napier University	(online)
University of Essex	(online)
University of Exeter	(online)
University of Glasgow	(online)
Glasgow Caledonian University	(online)
University of Gloucestershire	(online)
University of Greenwich	(online)
Heriot-Watt University	(online)
University of Hertfordshire	(online)
University of Huddersfield	(online)
University of Hull	(online)
Imperial College London	(online)
Keele University	(online)
University of Kent	(online)
Kingston University	(online)
Lancaster University	(online)
University of Leeds	(online)
Leeds Beckett University	(online)
University of Leicester	(online)
University of Lincoln	(online)
University of Liverpool	(online)
Liverpool Hope University	(online)
Liverpool John Moores University	(online)
Birkbeck, University of London	(online)
Goldsmiths, University of London	(online)
King’s College London	(online)
Queen Mary, University of London	(online)
Royal Holloway, University of London	(online)
University College London	(online)
London Metropolitan University	(online)
London South Bank University	(online)
Loughborough University	(online)
University of Manchester	(online)
Manchester Metropolitan University	(online)
Middlesex University	(online)
Newcastle University	(online)
University of Northampton	(online)
Northumbria University	(online)
University of Nottingham	(online)
Nottingham Trent University	(online)
The Open University	(online)
University of Oxford	(online)
Oxford Brookes University	(online)
University of Plymouth	(online)
University of Portsmouth	(online)
Queen’s University Belfast	(online)
University of Reading	(online)
Robert Gordon University	(online)
University of St Andrews	(online)
University of Salford	(online)
University of Sheffield	(online)
Sheffield Hallam University	(online)
University of Southampton	(online)
Southampton Solent University	(online)
University of South Wales	(online)
Staffordshire University	(online)
University of Stirling	(online)
University of Strathclyde	(online)
University of Sunderland	(online)
University of Surrey	(online)
University of Sussex	(online)
Swansea University	(online)
Teesside University	(online)
University of Ulster	(online)
University of Wales, Trinity Saint David	(online)
University of Warwick	(online)
University of West London	(online)
University of Westminster	(online)
University of the West of England	(online)
University of the West of Scotland	(online)
University of Wolverhampton	(online)
University of York	(online)

UK Computer Science Funding REF 2014 Analysis

In REF 2014 eighty nine institutions were submitted to the Computer Science and Informatics subject area. The analysis below examines the data made available at the (REF Results Webpage – UoA 11) and takes note of the total funding pot for each year 2008/9 to 2012/3. This is broken down by institution type, and country.

Total Research Income

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13
England	£113,747,632	£114,851,075	£117,463,599	£120,655,467	£124,889,051
Scotland	£24,967,458	£24,284,379	£23,235,215	£21,158,815	£24,196,970
Wales	£5,521,097	£5,771,539	£6,138,836	£5,813,848	£5,324,725
Ulster	£4,880,387	£5,224,918	£6,397,775	£4,363,975	£4,416,940
Total	£149,116,574	£150,131,911	£153,235,425	£151,992,105	£158,827,686

The table below outlines the number of universities submitted in each location and the type of institution. As can be seen England had the majority of university submissions at 69, followed by Scotland at 12, Wales at 6 and Ulster with 2, giving a total of 89 submissions. The largest group of institution type submissions was from Post-92 universities at 37, then followed with 30 from a selection of redbrick / glass plate type institutions, and the remaining 22 submissions from Russell Group institutions. One may also see the number of submitted staff based on institution type. As can be seen a total of 2158 staff were submitted to REF (Category A & C).

Location	Submissions	Institution Type	Institutions	Staff Submissions
England	69	Russell Group	22	912
Scotland	12	Post-92	37	546
Wales	6	Other	30	700
Ulster	2
Sector Total	89		89	2158

Calculating the average across each location and the computer science sector as a whole yields the table below. Looking at the figures for the 2012/13 academic year one can see that Ulster had the greatest average research income (A little over £2200K) – although it does have just two submitted institutions. Wales has the lowest average at a little under £900K. The total income at £158.8M averages out across the 89 universities to £1785K per School\Department.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13
England	£1,648,516	£1,664,508	£1,702,371	£1,748,630	£1,809,986
Scotland	£2,080,622	£2,023,698	£1,936,268	£1,763,235	£2,016,414
Wales	£920,183	£961,923	£1,023,139	£968,975	£887,454
Ulster	£2,440,194	£2,612,459	£3,198,888	£2,181,988	£2,208,470
Sector Average	£1,675,467	£1,686,875	£1,721,746	£1,707,776	£1,784,581

The 22 Russell Group universities brought in  over £101M for the 2012/13 academic year, this accounts for 64% of the total income across all 89 institutions, thereby leaving £57M to be distributed across the remaining 67 schools\departments. As seen in the table below.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13
Russell Group Totals	£93,103,342	£91,483,897	£89,962,574	£93,528,618	£101,664,055
Remaining Income	£56,013,232	£58,648,014	£63,272,851	£58,463,487	£57,163,631

This £57M can be further broken down by the distribution of same between the Post-92 institutions and the rest, as detailed below. The other 30 institutions for the 2012/13 year were awarded 39.7% the income of the Russell Group institutions, with the 37 Post-92 institutions receiving just 16.5% in comparison to the Russell Group.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13
Others	£41,748,295	£43,056,467	£46,610,949	£41,427,815	£40,409,460
Post 92	£14,264,937	£15,591,547	£16,661,902	£17,035,672	£16,754,171

Looking at the average income per submitted staff member may help to give a better understanding of the funding distribution across the three different groupings. Again looking at the 2012/13 year the £111,474 average income of a Russell Group staff member is 1.93 times that of the other universities and 3.63 times that of a Post-92 staff member. Taking all 67 of the non Russell Group institutions the average staff member research income of £45,878 is 2.43 times less than a Russell Group member.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	Staff
RG	£102,087	£100,311	£98,643	£102,553	£111,474	912
Non RG	£44,954	£47,069	£50,781	£46,921	£45,878	1246
Other	£59,640	£61,509	£66,587	£59,183	£57,728	700
Post-92	£26,126	£28,556	£30,516	£31,201	£30,685	546

The average income per school\department may be seen below as is clearly evident the research income of a Russell Group institution is on average 10.2 times greater than a Post-92 school\department and 3.43 times more an the other 30 university schools\departments.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	Institutions
RG Average	£4,231,970	£4,158,359	£4,089,208	£4,251,301	£4,621,093	22
Non RG  Avg	£836,018	£875,343	£944,371	£872,589	£853,189	67
Other Avg	£1,391,610	£1,435,216	£1,553,698	£1,380,927	£1,346,982	30
Avg for Post 92	£385,539	£421,393	£450,322	£460,424	£452,815	37

Scotland
Looking closer at Scotland which had 12 submitted institutions two of these Russell Group universities – Edinburgh and Glasgow account for most of the funding income. As can be seen below the research funding gap between 2008 and 2012 has been narrowing between Edinburgh\Glasgow and the other 10 institutions. In 2008 the difference was 1.69 this has now reduced in 2012 to 1.05 times that of Edinburgh\Glasgow for the remaining funds. The bottom row in the table below shows the average income received across the 10 non Russell Group institutions.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	Institutions
RG Scotland	£15,711,247	£14,353,304	£12,432,224	£10,609,597	£12,416,813	2
Non RG Scotland	£9,256,211	£9,931,075	£10,802,991	£10,549,218	£11,780,157	10
Non RG Avg	£925,621	£993,108	£1,080,299	£1,054,922	£1,178,016

Looking further into the breakdown the table below highlights the research income awarded to each type of university, Post-92 (4), Other (6) and Russell Group (2) within Scotland. As can be seen the Russell Group brought in roughly 5.1 times the income of the Post-92 sector, whilst the “Other” group brought in about 3.83 times that of the Post-92 institutions.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	Institutions
Scotland Post-92	£1,932,190	£2,115,600	£2,138,764	£2,341,638	£2,436,902	4
Scotland Other	£7,324,021	£7,815,475	£8,664,227	£8,207,580	£9,343,255	6
Scotland RG	£15,711,247	£14,353,304	£12,432,224	£10,609,597	£12,416,813	2
Scotland Total	£24,967,458	£24,284,379	£23,235,215	£21,158,815	£24,196,970	12

Calculating the average research income for each category of university yields the following table below.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	Institutions
Scotland Post-92	£483,048	£528,900	£534,691	£585,410	£609,226	4
Scotland Other	£1,220,670	£1,302,579	£1,444,038	£1,367,930	£1,557,209	6
Scotland RG	£7,855,624	£7,176,652	£6,216,112	£5,304,799	£6,208,407	2

The table below outlines the research income for the 12 institutions in Scotland submitted to REF. They have been ordered according to total research income over the five year period with Edinburgh on top with an income of just over £50M accounting for 43.02% of the Scottish total research income. This is followed by Glasgow again with a eight figure total income of £14M for the 5 years of REF accounting for 12.59% of the Scottish total.

	2008-09	2009-10	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13
Edinburgh	£11,782,758	£10,646,353	£9,715,972	£8,406,203	£10,140,922
Glasgow	£3,928,489	£3,706,951	£2,716,252	£2,203,394	£2,275,891
Heriot-Watt	£1,193,172	£1,487,196	£2,041,984	£2,253,042	£2,386,225
Dundee	£1,893,382	£2,162,972	£1,932,633	£1,582,233	£1,790,045
Aberdeen	£1,310,316	£1,393,901	£1,741,994	£1,772,829	£2,678,515
St Andrews	£1,496,331	£1,389,019	£1,540,910	£1,602,031	£1,501,825
Edinburgh Napier	£858,647	£669,439	£683,900	£1,219,476	£1,304,373
Strathclyde	£822,758	£937,109	£968,227	£615,779	£303,535
Stirling	£608,062	£445,278	£438,479	£381,666	£671,110
UWS	£393,000	£744,000	£548,000	£299,000	£425,000
RGU	£418,237	£395,480	£401,576	£518,756	£504,205
Glasgow Caledonian	£262,306	£306,681	£505,288	£304,406	£215,324
Scotland Year Total	£24,967,458	£24,284,379	£23,235,215	£21,158,815	£24,196,970

The 5 year total research income percentage of the Scottish total research income, REF Score and number of submitted staff may be seen in the table below. Many articles may be seen online discussing a strong relation between research income and REF score, yet as can be seen below several institutions with a lower research income have performed better than others in terms of REF score.

	5 Year Total	% of 5 Yr Total	REF Score	Staff Submitted
Edinburgh	£50,692,208	43.02%	3.20	104
Glasgow	£14,830,977	12.59%	3.10	43
Heriot-Watt	£9,361,619	7.94%	2.65	29
Dundee	£9,361,265	7.94%	2.75	13
Aberdeen	£8,897,555	7.55%	2.90	20
St Andrews	£7,530,116	6.39%	2.70	24
Edinburgh Napier	£4,735,835	4.02%	2.00	12
Strathclyde	£3,647,408	3.10%	2.55	21
Stirling	£2,544,595	2.16%	2.40	16
UWS	£2,409,000	2.04%	2.00	14
RGU	£2,238,254	1.90%	2.35	19
Glasgow Caledonian	£1,594,005	1.35%	1.80	13
Scotland Total	£117,842,837

Key People and Events in Computer Science – Dates to Celebrate

New Years Day often coincides with people making plans and new years resolutions for the year ahead. Having liked the idea of celebrating Pi Day (http://www.piday.org) for the past few years now (P.S. you will note that this post was published at 1:59), I started to wonder what other key events and people should one celebrate during the year that relates to computing. Hence the creation of this list.

Many people like to know of others who share the same birthday as themselves, hence this list may act as a useful resource mapping your birthday to well known computer scientists and key events in the world of computing.

Many days in the list below are still to be filled in, so perhaps with the help of all those out their in the Blogosphere and the Social Media Universe we can piece together a list occupying each day of the year, thereby allowing the celebration of Computing right throughout the year.

January

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Jan	Brian Kernighan	AWK	B 1/1/1942, Toronto, Canada. Co-developer of the AWK programming language (K), also contributed to the development of Unix. (more info).
02-Jan
03-Jan	Peter Chen	E-R Model	B 3/1/1947, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. Well known for developing the Entity-Relationship Model to describe database structure. (more info).
03-Jan	Gordon Moore	Moore’s Law	B 3/1/1929, San Francisco, California, USA. Co-founder of Intel. Known for Moore’s Law an observation that the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years. (more info).
04-Jan	Shmuel Winograd	Coppersmith–Winograd algorithm	B 4/1/1936, Tel Aviv, Israel. The Coppersmith–Winograd algorithm the fastest known algorithm for square matrix multiplication until 2010. (more info).
05-Jan	Stephen Cole Kleene	Recursion theory	B 5/1/1909, Hartford, Connecticut. Worked with Alonzo Church on Lambda Calculus. Invented regular expressions. (more info).
06-Jan
07-Jan	Stephen R. Bourne	Bourne Shell	B 7/1/1944, UK. Well known for the Bourne Shell – the standard command line interface for Unix, also worked on the ALGOL68 compiler. (more info).
08-Jan
09-Jan
10-Jan	Donald Knuth	TeX	B 10/1/1938, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Well known for a series of books called The Art of Computer Programming, also created TeX.(more info).
11-Jan	C. A. R. Hoare	Quicksort	B 11/1/1934, Colombo, British Ceylon. Developed the Quicksort algorithm in 1960, also known for Hoare Logic and CSP. (more info).
12-Jan
13-Jan
14-Jan
15-Jan
16-Jan
17-Jan
18-Jan
19-Jan	John Gustafson	Gustafson’s law	B 19/1/1955. Gustafson’s Law describes a limit on the speed-up that parallelization can provide. (more info).
20-Jan
21-Jan
22-Jan
23-Jan
24-Jan	Alain Colmerauer	Prolog	B 24/1/1941, Carcassonne. Developed the programming language Prolog. (more info).
25-Jan
26-Jan
27-Jan
28-Jan
29-Jan	Joseph Kruskal	Kruskal’s algorithm	B 29/1/1928. Known for Kruskal’s algorithm for computing the minimal spanning tree (MST) of a weighted graph. (more info).
30-Jan	Douglas Engelbart	Developing the Computer Mouse	B 30/1/1925, Portland, Oregon. Well known for inventing the computer mouse, and the development of hypertext. (more info).
31-Jan

February

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Feb
02-Feb	John Henry Holland	Genetic algorithms	B 2/2/1929, Fort Wayne, Indiana, US. Known for pioneering the subject area of genetic algorithms. (more info).
03-Feb
04-Feb	Ken Thompson	C & UNIX	B 4/2/1943, New Orleans, Louisiana. Developed the C Programming language and the UNIX OS with Dennis Ritchie. (more info).
05-Feb
06-Feb
07-Feb	Loren Carpenter	Fractal Terrain Generation	B 7/2/1947 Brighton, Michigan. Well known for creating Vol Libre – the first example of computer generated terrain. Later he went on to develop the Genesis Sequence from Star Trek II the Wrath of Kahn. (more info, more info).
07-Feb	Leslie Lamport	LaTeX & Distributed Systems	B 7/2/1941, New York City, New York. Well known for developing LaTeX, the typesetting system used by mathematicians, computer scientists and many others the world over. (more info).
07-Feb	Max Newman	Colossus	B 7/2/1897, Chelsea, London. Worked on the development of Colossus. (more info).
08-Feb
09-Feb	John Knoll	Photoshop	B 9/2/1962, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Together with his brother Thomas Knoll were the original creators of Photoshop. Is a visual effects supervisor and chief creative officer (CCO) at Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). (more info).
10-Feb
11-Feb	Emil Leon Post	Post–Turing machine	B 11/2/1897, Augustów, then Russian Empire. Developed the Post-Turing machine. (more info).
11-Feb	Richard Hamming	Hamming code	B 11/2/1915, Chicago, Illinois. Known for the development of the Hamming Code, was also a founder and president of the Association for Computing Machinery. (more info).
12-Feb
13-Feb
14-Feb
15-Feb	Niklaus Wirth	Pascal, Modula-2 and Oberon	B 15/2/1934, Winterthur, Switzerland. Developed the languages Pascal, Modula-2 and Oberon.(more info).
16-Feb
17-Feb
18-Feb
19-Feb
20-Feb
21-Feb
22-Feb	Thomas E. Kurtz	BASIC	B 22/2/1928, Oak Park, Illinois. Co- developed the Beginners All-purpouse Symbolic Instruction Code with John G. Kemeny. (more info).
23-Feb
24-Feb	Steve Jobs	Co-founder Apple	B 24/2/1955, San Francisco, California. Co-founder, Chairman and CEO, Apple Inc. Co-founder and CEO, Pixar, Founder and CEO, NeXT Inc. (more info).
25-Feb
26-Feb
27-Feb	Grady Booch	UML	B 27/2/1955. Developed the Unified Modeling Language with Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh. (more info).
28-Feb
29-Feb	Herman Hollerith	Punch Cards	B 29/2/1860, Buffalo, New York. Developed a mechanical tabulator based on punched cards. (more info).

March

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Mar
02-Mar
03-Mar
04-Mar
05-Mar
06-Mar
07-Mar
08-Mar	Gerard Salton	Vector space model	B 8/3/1927, Nuremberg. Developed the vector space model and inverted index. (more info).
09-Mar
10-Mar
11-Mar	J. C. R. Licklider	HCI	B 11/3/1915, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Worked in several fields, laid the foundations for HCI as we know it today. (more info).
12-Mar
13-Mar
14-Mar	Pi Day	Celebration of Pi	An annual celebration of the mathematical constant π (pi). Generally celebrated on 3/14 at 1:59. (more info).
15-Mar
16-Mar	Richard Stallman	GNU Project	B 16/3/1953, New York City. Known for launching the GNU Project, founding the Free Software Foundation, developing the GNU Compiler Collection and GNU Emacs, and writing the GNU General Public License. (more info).
17-Mar
18-Mar
19-Mar
20-Mar
21-Mar
22-Mar
23-Mar
24-Mar
25-Mar	Jean Ichbiah	Ada	B 25/3/1940. Was the initial chief designer of the Ada programming language. (more info).
26-Mar	Larry Page	Co-founder Google	B 26/3/1973, East Lansing, Michigan. Co-founded Google alongside Sergey Brin. (more info).
27-Mar
28-Mar
29-Mar
30-Mar
31-Mar	Edwin Catmull	Texture mapping & Bicubic patches	B 31/3/1945, Parkersburg, West Virginia. Discovered texture mapping and bicubic patches, invented algorithms for spatial anti-aliasing and refining subdivision surfaces. President of Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios. (more info).

April

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Apr
02-Apr
03-Apr
04-Apr
05-Apr	Cuthbert Hurd	Helped in developing the IBM 701	B 5/4/1911, Estherville, Iowa. Helped in developing IBM’s first general-purpose computer, the IBM 701. (more info).
06-Apr
07-Apr	The First RFC	RFC1	7/4/1969. Request for Comments (RFC) define the Internet. (more info).
08-Apr
09-Apr	J. Presper Eckert	Development of the ENIAC	B 9/4/1919, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Developed the first general-purpose electronic digital computer (ENIAC) along with John Mauchly. (more info).
09-Apr	Jacek Karpiński	The first differential analyzer that used transistors	B 9/4/1927, Turin, Italy. Developed one of the first machine learning algorithms for character and image recognition, designed of one of the first minicomputers, the K-202 in 1971. (more info).
10-Apr
11-Apr
12-Apr
13-Apr
14-Apr	Yukihiro Matsumoto	Ruby	B 14/4/1965, Osaka Prefecture. Known as the chief designer of the Ruby programming language. (more info).
15-Apr
16-Apr
17-Apr
18-Apr
19-Apr
20-Apr
21-Apr
22-Apr
23-Apr
24-Apr
25-Apr
26-Apr
27-Apr	Eric Schmidt	CEO of Google	B 27/4/1955 Washington DC. Served as the CEO of Google 2001 – 2011. (more info).
28-Apr	Kurt Gödel	Incompleteness theorem	B 28/4/1906, Brünn, Austria-Hungary (now Brno, Czech Republic). (more info).
29-Apr
30-Apr	Claude Shannon	Digital circuit design	B 30/4/1916, Petoskey, Michigan. Founded information theory and digital circuit design. (more info).

May

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-May
02-May
03-May
04-May
05-May
06-May
07-May
08-May
09-May
10-May
11-May	Edsger W. Dijkstra	Dijkstra’s algorithm	B 11/5/1930, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Well known for Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm and the semaphore construct amongst others. (more info).
12-May
13-May
14-May
15-May
16-May	Ivan Sutherland	Sketchpad	B 16/5/1938, Hastings, Nebraska. Developed Sketchpad in 1963. (more info).
17-May	Alan Kay	Smalltalk	B 17/5/1940, Springfield, Massachusetts. Led the team that developed Smalltalk at the Learning Research Group (LRG) of Xerox PARC. (more info).
18-May	Bertrand Russell	Mathematical logic	B 18/5/1872, Trellech, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom. Mathematical logic, Type Theory, Type systems. (more info).
19-May	James Gosling	Java	B 19/5/1955, Near Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Known as the father of the Java programming language. (more info).
20-May	Manindra Agrawal	Primality testing	B 20/5/1966, Allahabad, India. Co-created the AKS primality test with Neeraj Kayal and Nitin Saxena. (more info).
21-May
22-May
23-May
24-May
25-May
26-May
27-May
28-May
29-May
30-May	John Cocke	RISC	B 30/5/1925, Charlotte, North Carolina. Known for developing Reduced Instruction Set Computing. (more info).
31-May	John G. Kemeny	BASIC	B 31/5/1926, Budapest, Hungary. Known for co-developing the Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code with Thomas E. Kurtz. (more info).

June

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Jun
02-Jun	E. Allen Emerson	Model Checking	B 2/6/1954, Dallas, Texas, USA. Developed Model Checking along with Edmund M. Clarke and Joseph Sifakis. (more info).
03-Jun
04-Jun
05-Jun
06-Jun
07-Jun
08-Jun	Tim Berners-Lee	World Wide Web	B 8/6/1955, London, England. Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), founder of the World Wide Web Foundation (more info).
09-Jun
10-Jun
11-Jun
12-Jun
13-Jun
14-Jun	Alonzo Church	Lambda Calculus	B 14/6/1903 Washington, D.C., USA. Known for several contributions including: lambda calculus, Church–Turing thesis, Frege–Church ontology, Church–Rosser theorem. (more info).
15-Jun
16-Jun	John Tukey	FFT	B 16/6/1915, New Bedford, Massachusetts. Developed the Fast Fourier Transform along with James Cooley. Also known for Tukey range test, the Tukey lambda distribution, the Tukey test of additivity, and the Teichmüller–Tukey lemma. (more info).
17-Jun
18-Jun
19-Jun	Blaise Pascal	Mechanical calculator	B 19/6/1623, Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne, France. Developed the Mechanical calculator. (more info).
20-Jun
21-Jun
22-Jun
23-Jun	Vint Cerf	TCP/IP	B 23/6/1943, New Haven, Connecticut. Was a program manager for DARPA, was instrumental in the funding and formation of ICANN. (more info).
23-Jun	Alan Turing	Turing machine	B 23/6/1912, Maida Vale, London, England. Developed the Turing machine – a model for the general purpose computer. (more info).
24-Jun
25-Jun
26-Jun
27-Jun
28-Jun
29-Jun
30-Jun

July

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Jul	Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz	First-order predicate calculus	B 1/7/1646, Leipzig. Contributions to theoretical foundations of computer science. (more info).
02-Jul
03-Jul
04-Jul
05-Jul
06-Jul	Adi Shamir	RSA	B 6/7/1952, Tel Aviv, Israel. Co-inventor of the RSA algorithm along with Ron Rivest and Len Adleman. (more info).
07-Jul
08-Jul
09-Jul
10-Jul
11-Jul	Max Levchin	PayPal	B 11/7/1975, Kiev, Ukraine (then USSR). Co-founder along with Peter Thiel and Elon Musk of PayPal was also the CTO. (more info).
12-Jul
13-Jul
14-Jul
15-Jul
16-Jul
17-Jul
18-Jul	Intel	Intel was Founded	18/7/1968. Founded by Gordon Moore and Robert Noyce. (more info).
19-Jul
20-Jul
21-Jul
22-Jul	Pi Approximation Day	Celebration of Pi	Celebration of Pi 22/7, also observed on 3/14 at 1:59 – Pi Day, (more info).
23-Jul
24-Jul
25-Jul
26-Jul
27-Jul	Edmund M. Clarke	Developing Model Checking	B 27/7/1945. (more info).
28-Jul
29-Jul
30-Jul
31-Jul

August

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Aug
02-Aug
03-Aug
04-Aug
05-Aug
06-Aug	World Wide Web	WWW debut	6/8/1991 marked the debut of the Web as a publicly available service on the Internet, Berners-Lee also posted a short summary of the World Wide Web project on the alt.hypertext newsgroup. (more info).
07-Aug
08-Aug
09-Aug	David A. Huffman	Huffman Coding	B 9/8/1925, Ohio. Known for Huffman Coding a widely used compression algorithm. (more info).
10-Aug
11-Aug	Steve Wozniak	Co-founder Apple	B 11/8/1950, San Jose, California. Invented both the Apple I and Apple II. (more info).
12-Aug
13-Aug
14-Aug
15-Aug
16-Aug
17-Aug
18-Aug
19-Aug	Edgar F. Codd	Developed the Relational Model for DBMS	B 19/8/1923, Isle of Portland, England. Developed the Relational Model while working at IBM(more info).
20-Aug
21-Aug	Sergey Brin	Co-founder Goodle	B 21/8/1973, Moscow. Co-founded Google along with Larry Page. (more info).
22-Aug	James Rumbaugh	UML	B 22/8/1947. Developed the Unified Modeling Language with Grady Booch and Ivar Jacobson. (more info).
23-Aug	WWW made Accessable	Internaut’s Day	23/8/1991. Initially the service went live on the 6th August, but became available to new users on the 23rd. Hence is considered the anniversary of the WWW. (more info)
24-Aug
25-Aug
26-Aug
27-Aug	Kristen Nygaard	Simula	B 27/8/1926, Oslo, Norway. Developed the proto-object oriented language SIMULA with Ole-Johan Dahl. (more info).
28-Aug
29-Aug
30-Aug	John Mauchly	Developed the ENIAC	B 30/8/1907, Cincinnati, Ohio. Developed the ENIAC along with J. Presper Eckert. (more info).
31-Aug

September

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Sep
02-Sep	Ivar Jacobson	UML	B 2/9/1939, Ystad, Sweden. Developed the Unified Modeling Language with Grady Booch and James Rumbaugh. (more info).
03-Sep
04-Sep	John McCarthy	LISP	B 4/9/1927, Boston, Massachusetts. Developed LISP and coined the term “artificial intelligence” (AI). (more info).
04-Sep	Google	Google Founded	4/9/1998. Incorporated as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. (more info).
05-Sep
06-Sep
07-Sep
08-Sep
09-Sep	First Computer Bug	Moth found in Harvard Mark II	9/9/1947. Moth found trapped between points at Relay # 70, Panel F, of the Mark II Aiken Relay Calculator. (more info).
09-Sep	Dennis Ritchie	C & UNIX	B 9/9/1941, Bronxville, New York, U.S. Worked with Ken Thompson to develop the C programming language and UNIX. (more info).
10-Sep
11-Sep
12-Sep
13-Sep
14-Sep
15-Sep
16-Sep
17-Sep
18-Sep
19-Sep
20-Sep
21-Sep
22-Sep
23-Sep
24-Sep
25-Sep
26-Sep
27-Sep	Larry Wall	Perl	B 27/9/1954. Known for the development of the Perl programming language. (more info).
28-Sep	Seymour Cray	Cray Research	B 28/9/1925, Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. Founded Cray Research in 1972, known world wide for the development of supercomputers. (more info).
29-Sep
30-Sep

October

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Oct
02-Oct	Martin Hellman	Public key cryptography	B 2/10/1945, New York. Known the invention of public key cryptography with Whitfield Diffie and Ralph Merkle. (more info).
03-Oct
04-Oct
05-Oct
06-Oct
07-Oct
08-Oct
09-Oct
10-Oct
11-Oct	Jack Elton Bresenham	Bresenham’s line algorithm	B 11/10/1937, Clovis, New Mexico. Well known in computer graphics for Bresenham’s Line Algorithm to allow the plotting of a straight line on a 2-dimensional raster. (more info).
12-Oct	Ole-Johan Dahl	Simula and OO Programming	B 12/10/1931, Mandal, Norway. Developed Simula and object-oriented programming along with Kristen Nygaard. (more info).
13-Oct
14-Oct
15-Oct
16-Oct
17-Oct	Spreadsheet Released	VisiCalc was shipped	17/10/1979. The electronic spreadsheet – considered by many to be the first “Killer Application”. Developed by Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston whom founded the company Software Arts Inc. to develop the application. (more info, more info).
18-Oct
19-Oct
20-Oct
21-Oct
22-Oct
23-Oct	Randy Pausch	HCI & Alice	B 23/10/1960, Baltimore, Maryland, US. Founder of the Alice software project. Well known for a number of lectures including “Time Management” and “The Last Lecture”. (more info).
24-Oct
25-Oct	Peter Naur	BNF & ALGOL60	B 25/10/1928, Frederiksberg, Denmark. Contributed to ALGOL60 and BNF. (more info).
26-Oct
27-Oct
28-Oct
29-Oct
30-Oct
31-Oct

November

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Nov
02-Nov	George Boole	Boolean Algebra	B 02/11/1815, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. First Professor of Mathematics at University College Cork. (more info).
02-Nov	Sergey Alexeyevich Lebedev	MESM	B 2/11/1902, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Lead the team that developed the Small Electronic Calculating Machine (more info).
03-Nov
04-Nov
05-Nov
06-Nov
07-Nov
08-Nov	Gottlob Frege	Developed first-order predicate calculus	B 8/11/1848, Wismar, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Germany. Considered to be one of the founders of modern logic. (more info).
08-Nov	Bill Joy	Vi	B 8/11/1954, Farmington Hills, Michigan. Developed the Vi text editor. (more info).
09-Nov
10-Nov	Bert Bos	CSS	B 10/11/1963, The Hague. (more info).
11-Nov
12-Nov
13-Nov
14-Nov
15-Nov
16-Nov	Gene Amdahl	Amdahl’s law	B 16/11/1922, Flandreau, South Dakota. Known for developing a key law on the limits of parallel computing – Amdahl’s law. (more info).
17-Nov
18-Nov
19-Nov
20-Nov	Windows	Windows 1.0 released	20/11/1985. 16-bit graphical OS, developed by Microsoft. (more info).
20-Nov	Benoit Mandelbrot	Mandelbrot Set	B 20/11/1924, Warsaw, Poland. Was one of the first to use computer graphics to create and display fractal geometric images, discovered the M-Set. (more info).
21-Nov
22-Nov	Jeffrey Ullman	Formal Language Theory, Database Theory	B 22/11/1942. Known for textbooks on compilers in particular the Dragon Book. (more info).
22-Nov	Rasmus Lerdorf	PHP	B 22/11/1968, Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland. Known for developing the PHP server-side scripting language. (more info).
23-Nov	Edward F. Moore	Moore finite state machine	B 23/11/1925, Baltimore, Maryland. Known for developing the a Moore machine – a finite-state machine whose output values are determined solely by its current state. (more info).
24-Nov
25-Nov
26-Nov
27-Nov
28-Nov
29-Nov
30-Nov

December

Date	Person / Event	Know for	Further Info
01-Dec
02-Dec
03-Dec	John Backus	Development of FORTRAN	B 3/12/1924, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Directed the team that developed FORTRAN, also developed BNF (more info).
04-Dec
05-Dec
06-Dec	Grace Hopper	Developed the first compiler	B 9/12/1906, New York City, New York. Navy Rear Admiral. Found the first computer bug, developed the first compiler. (more info).
07-Dec	Noam Chomsky	Chomsky hierarchy, the universal grammar theory	B 7/12/1928, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sometimes described as the “father of modern linguistics”. (more info).
08-Dec
09-Dec
10-Dec	Ada Lovelace	Analytical Engine	B 10/12/1815, London, England. Known for her work on Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine, & the creation of the first algorithm intended for use on a machine. (more info).
11-Dec
12-Dec	Seymour Ginsburg	Automata theory, formal language theory	B 12/12/1927, Brooklyn. Known for contributions to automata theory, formal language theory, and database theory. (more info).
13-Dec
14-Dec	Stephen Cook	Polynomial-time reduction (a.k.a. Cook reduction) and NP-completeness	B 14/12/1939, Buffalo, New York. Made major contributions to the fields of complexity theory and proof complexity. (more info).
15-Dec
16-Dec
17-Dec	Kenneth E. Iverson	APL	B 17/12/1920, Camrose, Alberta, Canada. Known for developing the APL programming language in 1962. (more info).
18-Dec
19-Dec
20-Dec
21-Dec
22-Dec	Tommy Flowers	Designed Colossus	B 22/12/1905, Poplar, London, England. Designed Colossus the world’s first programmable electronic digital computer. (more info).
23-Dec	Bob Kahn	TCP/IP	B 23/12/1938, Brooklyn, New York. Noted for developing TCP/IP along with Vint Cerf (more info).
24-Dec	Wim Ebbinkhuijsen	COBOL	B 24/12/1939, Amsterdam. Considered one of the “fathers of Cobol”. (more info).
25-Dec
26-Dec	Charles Babbage	Difference Engine	B 26/12/1791, London, England. (more info).
27-Dec	Jean Bartik	One of the original programmers for the ENIAC	B 27/12/1924, Gentry County, Missouri. Was one of ENIAC’s first programmers. (more info).
28-Dec	John von Neumann	Von Neumann architecture	B 28/12/1903, Budapest, Austria-Hungary. Developed the Von Neumann architecture upon which all modern computers are based. (more info).
28-Dec	Linus Torvalds	Linux & Git	B 28/12/1969, Helsinki, Finland. Known for developing Linux and Git. (more info).
29-Dec
30-Dec	Bjarne Stroustrup	C++	B 30/12/1950, Aarhus, Denmark. Known for creation and development of the C++ programming language. (more info).
31-Dec	Leonard Adleman	RSA & DNA Computing	B 31/12/1945, California, United States. Co-invented RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) in 1977. (more info).

Corsair Dominator DDR3 32GB RAM Unboxing

Unboxing video of the Dominator 32GB DDR3 1600MHz memory modules from Corsair.

Intel Core i7 PC Build Components Unboxed Overview

A series of panning shots showing the unboxed components used in a PC Build within the Cooler Master Cosmos 2 PC Case. Components include the Intel Core i7 3930K processor, Cooler Master 1000 Watt Silent Pro 80+ Gold PSU, Corsair Dominator 32 GB DDR3 RAM, Corsair Force 3 Series SSD Drive, NVidia GTX 570 Graphics Card with 2560MB GDDR Memory & 480 Cores, ASUS Sabertooth X79 Motherboard, 2 TB Hard Drive, Pioneer BDR S06 XLB Blu-ray Drive and the Corsair H100 Liquid CPU Cooler.

Intel Core i7 PC Build Boxed Components Overview

A series of panning shots showing the components used in a PC Build within the Cooler Master Cosmos 2 PC Case. Components include the Intel Core i7 3930K processor, Cooler Master 1000 Watt Silent Pro 80+ Gold PSU, Corsair Dominator 32 GB DDR3 RAM, Corsair Force 3 Series SSD Drive, NVidia GTX 570 Graphics Card with 2560MB GDDR Memory & 480 Cores, ASUS Sabertooth X79 Motherboard, 2 TB Hard Drive, Pioneer BDR S06 XLB Blu-ray Drive and the Corsair H100 Liquid CPU Cooler.

Unboxing the Sabertooth X79 LGA 2011 Motherboard from ASUS

The ASUS Sabertooth X79 LGA 2011 motherboard features support for the latest 2nd generation Intel Core i7 processors such as the 3930K. The motherboard is quite heavy & has an ATX form factor. It has multi GPU support in the form of both SLI and Crosfire. Capable of a handlying a maximum of 64GB DDR3 RAM spread across eight DIMM’s at 1866/1600/1333/1066Mhz. It features 14 x USB 2.0/1.1 ports, 4 x USB 3.0 on the back panel & 2 x USB 3.0 ports at the mid-board for front panel support. Storage comes in the form of 4 x SATA 6GB/s connectors, 4 x 3GB/s connectors 1 x Power eSATA & 1 x eSATA port.

Corsair 240GB SSD Drive Unboxing

Unboxing video of the Corsair 240GB Force Series SATA 3 SSD Drive. One can read up on the technical specifications of the drive from the manufacturers website. The SATA 3 interfaces runs at 6GB/s, it has a max sequential read speed of 550MB/s and 520MB/s for sequential write. The mean time before failure is rated at two million hours.